| UniProtKB AC (Name) | UniProtKB Section | Organism | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P0ACS5 (ZNTR_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | HTH-type transcriptional regulator ZntR; Zn(II)-responsive regulator of zntA; | |
| P0ABV2 (EXBD_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Biopolymer transport protein ExbD; | |
| P0AF63 (NSRR_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | HTH-type transcriptional repressor NsrR; | |
| P0AB96 (ARSC_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Arsenate reductase; Arsenical pump modifier; | |
| P0AAA9 (ZRAP_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Signaling pathway modulator ZraP; Zinc resistance-associated protein; Zra periplasmic repressor partner; Zra system accessory protein ZraP; | |
| P76539 (YPEA_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Acetyltransferase YpeA; | |
| P75680 (INSO1_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Putative transposase InsO for insertion sequence element IS911A; | |
| P0C243 (YUBJ_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Uncharacterized protein YubJ; | |
| P77136 (YQEK_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Uncharacterized protein YqeK; | |
| Q46795 (YGEO_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Putative uncharacterized protein YgeO; | |
| P52006 (NUDI_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Nucleoside triphosphatase NudI; Nucleotide diphosphatase NudI; Pyrimidine deoxynucleoside triphosphate diphosphatase; dCTP diphosphatase; dTTP diphosphatase; dUTP diphosphatase; | |
| P37661 (EPTB_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Kdo(2)-lipid A phosphoethanolamine 7''-transferase; Phosphoethanolamine transferase EptB; | |
| P08142 (ILVB_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Acetolactate synthase isozyme 1 large subunit; Acetohydroxy-acid synthase I large subunit; | |
| P0AG11 (UMUD_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Protein UmuD; DNA polymerase V; Protein UmuD'; | |
| P0A780 (NUSB_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Transcription antitermination protein NusB; Antitermination factor NusB; N utilization substance protein B; | |
| P08204 (ARAB_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Ribulokinase; | |
| P0AGG4 (THIO2_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Thioredoxin 2; Protein-disulfide reductase; | |
| P0A6E6 (ATPE_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | ATP synthase epsilon chain; ATP synthase F1 sector epsilon subunit; F-ATPase epsilon subunit; | |
| P04982 (RBSD_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | D-ribose pyranase; | |
| P03825 (GSPB_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Putative general secretion pathway protein B; | |
| P17994 (YFAA_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Uncharacterized protein YfaA; | |
| P31826 (YDDA_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Inner membrane ABC transporter ATP-binding protein YddA; CDS102; | |
| P77318 (YDEN_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Uncharacterized sulfatase YdeN; | |
| P16431 (HYCE_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Formate hydrogenlyase subunit 5; Hydrogenase-3 component E; | |
| P0A9W3 (ETTA_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Energy-dependent translational throttle protein EttA; Translational regulatory factor EttA; | |
| P0AA93 (YPDA_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Sensor histidine kinase YpdA; | |
| P26616 (MAO1_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | NAD-dependent malic enzyme; | |
| P76330 (DGCQ_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Probable diguanylate cyclase DgcQ; Cellulose synthesis regulatory protein; | |
| P13482 (TREA_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Periplasmic trehalase; Alpha,alpha-trehalase; Alpha,alpha-trehalose glucohydrolase; | |
| Q9JMT7 (YUAC_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Uncharacterized protein YuaC; | |
| P67697 (HICB_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Antitoxin HicB; | |
| P46856 (YRHA_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Putative uncharacterized protein YrhA; | |
| P17846 (CYSI_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Sulfite reductase [NADPH] hemoprotein beta-component; | |
| P0AF48 (YJBQ_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | UPF0047 protein YjbQ; | |
| P43533 (FLGN_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Flagella synthesis protein FlgN; | |
| P0AF90 (RRAB_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Regulator of ribonuclease activity B; | |
| P0AE98 (CSGF_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Curli production assembly/transport component CsgF; | |
| P76546 (YFFO_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Uncharacterized protein YffO; | |
| P67701 (HIGA_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Antitoxin HigA; | |
| Q9JMT5 (YUAE_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Uncharacterized protein YuaE; | |
| P0A8I1 (YQGF_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Putative pre-16S rRNA nuclease; | |
| P76194 (SUFE_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Cysteine desulfuration protein SufE; | |
| P37657 (BCSE_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Cyclic di-GMP binding protein BcsE; Cellulose biosynthesis protein BcsE; | |
| P0AF67 (TSAE_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine biosynthesis protein TsaE; t(6)A37 threonylcarbamoyladenosine biosynthesis protein TsaE; | |
| P39829 (GARD_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Galactarate dehydratase (L-threo-forming); | |
| P15639 (PUR9_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PurH; Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase; 2.1.2.3; AICAR transformylase; IMP cyclohydrolase; 3.5.4.10; ATIC; IMP synthase; Inosinicase; | |
| P08957 (T1MK_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Type I restriction enzyme EcoKI methylase subunit; Type I methyltransferase M.EcoKI; | |
| P0A9N8 (NRDG_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Anaerobic ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase-activating protein; Class III anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase small component; | |
| P23898 (NLPC_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | Probable endopeptidase NlpC; ORF-17; Probable lipoprotein NlpC; | |
| P45424 (NANQ_ECOLI) | Swiss-Prot | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | N-acetylneuraminate anomerase NanQ; N-acetylneuraminate openase; |
Escherichia coli is a Gram negative gammaproteobacterium commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms (endotherms). Most E. coli strains are harmless and are part of the normal flora of the gut.
Since E. coli can survive outside the body for a limited amount of time, it is an indicator organism for fecal contamination of the environment. The descendants of two isolates, K-12 and B strain, are used routinely in molecular biology as both a tool and a model organism. It is the most widely studied prokaryotic model organism due to its ease of culturing and short generation time.
The first E. coli genome was sequenced in 1997 (K12 strain).
From left to right: i) The number of proteins in the reference proteome of Escherichia coli, ii) the number of unique protein sequences for which at least one model is available, iii) the total number of models and iv) a coverage bar plot is shown.
The bar plot shows the coverage for every protein in the reference proteome of Escherichia coli for which there is at least one model. Different colours (dark green to red boxes) represent the coverage of the targets. Targets with high coverage are represented in dark green (more than 80% of the target's length is covered by models), whereas low coverage is shown in red. The size of each box is proportional to the number of target sequences with a given coverage.
For information on the latest proteome for Escherichia coli, please visit UniProtKB.
You can easily download the latest protein sequences for Escherichia coli proteome here. Please note this download is for the current UniProtKB release, which may be different to release 2026_01 that was used for the most up to date SWISS-MODEL Repository.
| Proteins in proteome | Sequences modelled | Models |
| 4,403 | 3,758 | 6,310 |
Detailed coverage numbers are obtained by hovering the mouse over one of the boxes.
The plot shows the evolution over years (x-axis) of the fraction of Escherichia coli reference proteome residues (y-axis) for which structural information is available. Different colors (light blue to dark blue) in the plot represent the quality of the sequence alignment between the reference proteome sequences (targets) and the sequences of the proteins in the structure database (templates). Alignments with low sequence identity are displayed in light blue, whereas alignments with high sequence identity are depicted in dark blue. The SWISS-MODEL Template Library is used as database of templates. Only target-template alignments found by HHblits and only residues with atom coordinates are considered.
This chart shows the percentage of residues in the Escherichia coli proteome which are covered by experimental structures and the enhancement of coverage by homology modelling by the SWISS-MODEL pipeline. Experimental residue coverage is determined using SIFTS mapping. For residues which are not covered by experimental structures (including where there are no atom records in SIFTS mapping) the model coverage bars are coloured by QMEANDisCo local quality score.
Many proteins form oligomeric structures either by self-assembly (homo-oligomeric) or by assembly with other proteins (hetero-oligomeric) to accomplish their function. In SWISS-MODEL Repository, the quaternary structure annotation of the template is used to model the target sequence in its oligomeric form. Currently our method is limited to the modelling of homo-oligomeric assemblies. The oligomeric state of the template is only considered if the interface is conserved.
| Single Chain | 2-mer | 3-mer | 4-mer | 5-mer | 6-mer | 7-mer | 8-mer | 9-mer | 10-mer | 11-mer | 12-mer | 14-mer | 15-mer | 16-mer | 20-mer | 22-mer | 24-mer | 25-mer | 26-mer | 30-mer | 34-mer | 40-mer | 44-mer | 48-mer | 60-mer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,734 | 1,658 | 130 | 485 | 19 | 144 | 9 | 57 | 4 | 19 | 2 | 16 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
