Homo sapiens (Latin: "wise man") is the species name for humans. Believed to have originated in Africa, Homo sapiens is the only surviving member of the Homo genus.
The first complete draft of the human genome was completed in 2001 with an estimated cost of $300million. With the advances in DNA sequencing methods, this price has dropped dramatically down to almost $1000 per genome. By combining the individual genome information with other data, such as protein structure models, personalised medicine becomes viable.
From left to right: i) The number of proteins in the reference proteome of Homo sapiens, ii) the number of unique protein sequences for which at least one model is available, iii) the total number of models and iv) a coverage bar plot is shown.
The bar plot shows the coverage for every protein in the reference proteome of Homo sapiens for which there is at least one model. Different colours (dark green to red boxes) represent the coverage of the targets. Targets with high coverage are represented in dark green (more than 80% of the target's length is covered by models), whereas low coverage is shown in red. The size of each box is proportional to the number of target sequences with a given coverage.
For information on the latest proteome for Homo sapiens, please visit Proteome.
You can easily download the latest protein sequences for Homo sapiens proteome here. Please note this download is for the current UniProtKB release, which may be different to release 2021_02 that was used for the most up to date SWISS-MODEL Repository.
| Proteins in proteome | Sequences modelled | Models |
| 20,614 | 18,093 | 43,135 |
Detailed coverage numbers are obtained by hovering the mouse over one of the boxes.
The plot shows the evolution over years (x-axis) of the fraction of Homo sapiens reference proteome residues (y-axis) for which structural information is available. Different colors (light blue to dark blue) in the plot represent the quality of the sequence alignment between the reference proteome sequences (targets) and the sequences of the proteins in the structure database (templates). Alignments with low sequence identity are displayed in light blue, whereas alignments with high sequence identity are depicted in dark blue. The SWISS-MODEL Template Library is used as database of templates. Only target-template alignments found by HHblits and only residues with atom coordinates are considered.
This chart shows the percentage of residues in the Homo sapiens proteome which are covered by experimental structures and the enhancement of coverage by homology modelling by the SWISS-MODEL pipeline. Experimental residue coverage is determined using SIFTS mapping. For residues which are not covered by experimental structures (including where there are no atom records in SIFTS mapping) the model coverage bars are coloured by QMEANDisCo local quality score.
Many proteins form oligomeric structures either by self-assembly (homo-oligomeric) or by assembly with other proteins (hetero-oligomeric) to accomplish their function. In SWISS-MODEL Repository, the quaternary structure annotation of the template is used to model the target sequence in its oligomeric form. Currently our method is limited to the modelling of homo-oligomeric assemblies. The oligomeric state of the template is only considered if the interface is conserved.
| Single Chain | 2-mer | 3-mer | 4-mer | 5-mer | 6-mer | 7-mer | 8-mer | 9-mer | 10-mer | 11-mer | 12-mer | 13-mer | 16-mer | 18-mer | 20-mer | 24-mer | 26-mer | 32-mer | 36-mer | 39-mer | 48-mer | 60-mer | 62-mer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 38,321 | 3,471 | 324 | 662 | 92 | 108 | 13 | 33 | 4 | 14 | 5 | 34 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 14 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 |